How Many Authors To Use Et Al

It is also acceptable to use et al after the first author if the work has three authors.

How many authors to use et al. To continue the previous example you would write the names of the two authors as potter harry and luna lovegood 3 use the abbreviation et al. Mla uses et al for works with three or more authors while chicago calls for using it with four or more authors. The seventh edition guideline is as follows. Any time you have more than two authors the potential for using et al. Cairns et al 2009 or cairns et al.

The term al is an abbreviation of alii and the entire phrase et al always follows at least one person s name job position or title. When should i use et al in apa in text citations. Three or more authors. Apa format requires that you cite all of the authors at the first mention if there are three four or five and use et al afterward. The abbreviation et al.

Use an ampersand before the last author s name. Is a latin abbreviation for and others for a reference list entries list the first 20 author names. If you re instructed to follow the 6th edition the use of et al is slightly different. When the work has 21 or more authors include only the first 19 names an ellipsis and the final name see this guideline in the fifth and sixth bullets in section 9 8 of the publication manual and example 4 in chapter 10. For sources with six or more authors use et al from the first citation.

For an in text citation. Only include the first author s last name followed by et al a comma and the year of publication for example taylor et al 2018. With in text citation is there. As such the first citation should spell out all their names and any subsequent citation can include et al. For works with 3 or more authors.

For sources with three to five authors list all the authors the first time and use et al only in subsequent citations. With that said et al replaces author names in endnotes footnotes and in text citations. In all cases you should use the last name of the first author followed by et al in your in text citation. For a work with up to 20 authors include all of the names in the reference. According to lai and sookochoff 2018 in apa 7 for a work with three or more authors list the first author and et al for all citations including the first citation unless doing so would create ambiguity.